DB-EnginesextremeDB - Data management wherever you need itEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by Redgate Software

DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Neo4j vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Neo4j vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.59
Rank#235  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#33  Key-value stores
Score42.70
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score99.49
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score1.78
Rank#130  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.15
Rank#326  Overall
#30  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.ioneo4j.comwww.sqlite.orgwww.stardog.comterminusdb.com
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualneo4j.com/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.stardog.comterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Dwayne Richard HippStardog-UnionDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20102007200020102018
Current release5.23, August 20243.46.1  (13 August 2024), August 20247.3.0, May 202011.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoPublic Domaincommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation language.NET and CJava, ScalaCJavaProlog, Rust
Server operating systems.NETLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infodynamic column typesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes
Triggersnoyes infovia event handleryesyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningyes using Neo4j FabricnonenoneGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infovia file-system locksyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityNeo4jSQLiteStardogTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

Forrester Wave: GraphRAG is a Game-Changer for GenAI Accuracy and Relevance
30 October 2024

Boosting AuraDB Read Performance With Secondaries
21 October 2024

GraphRAG Python Package: Accelerating GenAI With Knowledge Graphs
16 October 2024

What Is Supply Chain Management? A Guide to Optimizing SCM
9 October 2024

AI Ethics: What Is It and Why Should You Pay Attention?
8 October 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityNeo4jSQLiteStardogTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
DB-Engines blog posts

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking
2 February 2016, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Trinity
30 October 2010, Microsoft

Open source Microsoft Graph Engine takes on Neo4j
13 February 2017, InfoWorld

Graph databases are hot, but can they break relational’s grip?
2 December 2017, SiliconANGLE News

How Google and Microsoft taught search to “understand” the Web
6 June 2012, Ars Technica

thatDot launches Quine, a streaming graph engine
23 February 2022, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

Neo4j Transforms Its Cloud Database Portfolio to Accelerate Graph Adoption & GenAI for the Enterprise
4 September 2024, PR Newswire

Neo4j CTO: GQL is here: the evolution from Cypher & openCypher
1 November 2024, ComputerWeekly.com

Neo4j lowers barriers to graph technology with gen AI copilot, 15x read capacity
4 September 2024, VentureBeat

Neo4j charts upward course for GraphRAG in graph databases
4 September 2024, Techzine Europe

Implementing GraphReader with Neo4j and LangGraph | by Tomaz Bratanic | Sep, 2024
20 September 2024, Towards Data Science

provided by Google News

Google’s AI Tool Big Sleep Finds Zero-Day Vulnerability in SQLite Database Engine
4 November 2024, The Hacker News

Google: Big Sleep AI Agent Puts SQLite Software Bug to Bed
4 November 2024, Dark Reading

Google claims Big Sleep 'first' AI to spot freshly committed security bug that fuzzing missed
5 November 2024, The Register

Google uses large language model to discover real-world vulnerability
4 November 2024, The Record from Recorded Future News

Google Claims World First As AI Finds 0-Day Security Vulnerability
5 November 2024, Forbes

provided by Google News

Trinity College spinout TerminusDB secures €3.6m in investment
15 March 2021, The Irish Times

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

SingleStore logo

The data platform to build your intelligent applications.
Try it free.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Present your product here