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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NSDb vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NSDb vs. OrigoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesA fully ACID in-memory object graph database
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasensdb.ioorigodb.com
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlnsdb.io/­Architectureorigodb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoftRobert Friberg et al
Initial release20102019201020172009 infounder the name LiveDB
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesV12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation language.NET and CC++Java, ScalaC#
Server operating systems.NEThostedhostedLinux
macOS
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringUser defined using .NET types and collections
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono infocan be achieved using .NET
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Scala
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infoDomain Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardinghorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronized
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnodepending on model
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesUsing Apache Luceneyes infoWrite ahead log
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based authorization

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNSDbOrigoDB
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