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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TimesTen vs. Vitess vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TimesTen vs. Vitess vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQLHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlvitess.iowww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1vitess.io/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005The Linux Foundation, PlanetScaleYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20172010199820132017
Current releaseV1211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)15.0.2, December 20222.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++GoC and C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesyesyesyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLPL/SQLyes infoproprietary syntaxyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID at shard levelDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTimesTenVitessYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsYugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSystems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTimesTenVitessYugabyteDB
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