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DBMS > dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.70
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.34
Rank#112  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.dbase.comcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasepouchdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlpouchdb.com/­guidesdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperAsthon TateGoogleMicrosoftApache Software FoundationOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19792017201020121998
Current releasedBASE 2019, 2019V127.1.1, June 201911 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDEGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScriptC
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.noTransact SQLView functions in JavaScriptPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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dBASEGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePouchDBTimesTen
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