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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. TimesTen vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. TimesTen vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpatial extension of PostgreSQLAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.TimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score20.16
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#351  Overall
#35  Time Series DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasepostgis.netwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlpostgis.net/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.htmlwww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005SenX
Initial release20172010200519982015
Current releaseV123.4.2, February 2024Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedIBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functionsPL/SQLyes infoWarpScript
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infobased on PostgreSQLnoneSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infobased on PostgreSQLMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infobased on PostgreSQLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostGISTimesTenWarp 10
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