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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB vs. TimesTen vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB vs. TimesTen vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#372  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmldbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldoc.nuodb.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Mikio Hirabayashi
Initial release20172010201319982020
Current releaseV1211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)0.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLJava, SQLPL/SQLno
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tableyesyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNuoDBTimesTenTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
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