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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OceanBase vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OceanBase vs. TigerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOceanBase  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQLA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1.66
Rank#147  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dben.oceanbase.comwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dben.oceanbase.com/­docs/­oceanbase-databasedocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOceanBase infopreviously Alibaba and Ant Group
Initial release2017201420102017
Current release4.3.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoCommercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Ada infoin MySQL-compatible model
C infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++ infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D infoin MySQL-compatible model
Delphi infoin MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel infoin MySQL-compatible model
Erlang infoin MySQL-compatible model
Haskell infoin MySQL-compatible model
Java infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js) infoin MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C infoin MySQL-compatible model
OCaml infoin MySQL-compatible model
Perl infoin MySQL-compatible model
PHP infoin MySQL-compatible model
Python infoin MySQL-compatible model
Ruby infoin MySQL-compatible model
Scheme infoin MySQL-compatible model
Tcl infoin MySQL-compatible model
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptPL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible modeyes
TriggersnoJavaScriptyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*noyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOceanBaseTigerGraph
Specific characteristicsOceanBase Database is the world’s only native distributed database that has set new...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Availability : The five IDCs across three sites disaster recovery solution sets...
» more
Key customersOceanBase Database has helped over 400 customers across industries upgrade their...
» more
Market metricsTPC-C No.1 Performance , achieved a result of 707.35 million tpmC in the TPC-C benchmark...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMulan PubL v2 license for open source community edition. Commercial license for enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOceanBaseTigerGraph
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