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DBMS > dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Access vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Access vs. SQLite

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NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score11.18
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score105.40
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score116.01
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.dbase.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperAsthon TateGoogleMicrosoftDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release1979201719922000
Current releasedBASE 2019, 20191902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 20193.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsserver-less
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDEGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.noyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Triggersnonoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003no

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