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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftTeradataOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20171992201020051998
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019V1211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQLR packagesPL/SQL
Triggersnoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTeradata AsterTimesTen
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