DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Newts vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Newts vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#375	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.63
Rank	#109	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

opennms.github.io/newts

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Google

Microsoft

OpenNMS Group

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2017

2014

1989

2014

2017

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST
Java API

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantages

PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenarios

Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Market metrics

2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache 2.0 license for the database
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