DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	1.94
Rank	#129	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

janusgraph.org

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

rocksdb.org

www.singlestore.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.janusgraph.org

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.singlestore.com

Developer

Google

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Oracle

Facebook, Inc.

SingleStore Inc.

Initial release

2017

2011

2013

Current release

0.6.3, February 2023

23.3, December 2023

8.11.4, April 2024

8.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

BSD

commercial

free developer edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux

64 bit version required

Data scheme

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java
Python

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

hash partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

yes

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

with Hadoop integration

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

Access rights for users and roles

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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