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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. JanusGraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRDF storeSearch engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#125  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score41.02
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerjanusgraph.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
rdf4j.orgsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.nebula-graph.iordf4j.org/­documentationsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperGoogleLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusVesoft Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20172017201920042006
Current release0.6.3, February 20239.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesyesStrong typed schemayes infoRDF Schemasyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query languagenoSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functionsyesJava plugins
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)ShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes infousing RocksDByes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerRole-based access controlnoyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSolr
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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Google Cloud SpannerJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSolr
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