DBMS > etcd vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IRONdb vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IRONdb vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

Widely used RDBMS

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/

www.oracle.com/database

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started

docs.oracle.com/en/database

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

Google

Circonus LLC.

Oracle

SAP

Initial release

2017

1980

2010

Current release

3.4, August 2019

V0.10.20, January 2018

23c, September 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, in Lua

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Automatic, metric affinity per node

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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