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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. InfinityDB vs. MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. InfinityDB vs. MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceA relational database management system that stores data in columnsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#378  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orgboilerbay.comwww.monetdb.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homeboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookBoiler Bay Inc.MonetDB BVPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20172012200220041989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release3.1.3, April 20224.0Dec2023 (11.49), December 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaCC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
JavaC
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes, in SQL, C, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding via remote tablespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factornonenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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