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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orgignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homeapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookApache Software FoundationMicrosoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20172012201520102019
Current release3.1.3, April 2022Apache Ignite 2.6V121.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++, Java, .NetC++Clojure
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Transact SQLno
Triggersnonoyes (cache interceptors and events)yesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factoryes (replicated cache)yes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHiveIgniteMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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