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DBMS > etcd vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. TiDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. TiDB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.compingcap.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stablegithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperGoogleHazelcastPingCAP, Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2017200820162012
Current release3.4, August 20195.3.6, November 20238.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageGoJavaGo, RustJava
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesnoyes
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyes infoEventsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)yes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated MapUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infofull support since version 6.6yes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
etcdGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcastTiDBTitan
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
etcdGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcastTiDBTitan
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