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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Riak KV vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Riak KV vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperGoogleHazelcastMicrosoftOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172008201020091998
Current release5.3.6, November 2023V123.2.0, December 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Erlang
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestrictedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesTransact SQLErlangPL/SQL
Triggersnoyes infoEventsyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated Mapyes, with always 3 replicas availableselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Securityfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHazelcastMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRiak KVTimesTen
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