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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. NebulaGraph vs. Riak KV vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. NebulaGraph vs. Riak KV vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhbase.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
github.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.nebula-graph.iowww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetVesoft Inc.OpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20172008201920092019
Current release2.3.4, January 20213.2.0, December 20221.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++ErlangGo
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
LinuxLinux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleStrong typed schemaschema-freeyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesnoyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.restrictedyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query languagenoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javauser defined functionsErlangno
Triggersnoyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocolselectable replication factoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsno infolinks between data sets can be storedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACRole-based access controlyes, using Riak SecurityAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseNebulaGraphRiak KVWeaviate
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseNebulaGraphRiak KVWeaviate
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