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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. PlanetScale vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. PlanetScale vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of VitessWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webplanetscale.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.ioplanetscale.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisPlanetScalePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release2017200620201989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2009
Current release16.3, May 20243.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonGoCErlang
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Docker
Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlang
Triggersnonoyesyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesno infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID at shard levelACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Security

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraphitePlanetScalePostgreSQLRiak KV
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