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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iolearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisMicrosoftOracle
Initial release2017200620141980
Current release23c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
TriggersnonoJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraphiteMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracle
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