DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero vs. Titan
System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero vs. Titan
Editorial information provided by DB-Engines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name | Google Cloud Datastore Xexclude from comparison | Oracle Coherence Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Tibero Xexclude from comparison | Titan Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform | Oracles in-memory data grid solution | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle | Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Document store | Key-value store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | Graph DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | cloud.google.com/datastore | www.oracle.com/java/coherence | www.postgresql.org | us.tmaxsoft.com/products/tibero | github.com/thinkaurelius/titan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | cloud.google.com/datastore/docs | docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence | www.postgresql.org/docs | technet.tmaxsoft.com/upload/download/online/tibero/pver-20150504-000002/index.html | github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | TmaxSoft | Aurelius, owned by DataStax | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2008 | 2007 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2003 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 14.1, August 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 6, April 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | commercial | Open Source BSD | commercial | Open Source Apache license, version 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | Java | C | C and Assembler | Java | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | hosted | All OS with a Java VM | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | Linux OS X Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | schema-free | schema-free | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes, details here | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like query language (GQL) | no | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | gRPC (using protocol buffers) API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | JCache JPA RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) Tibero CLI | Java API TinkerPop Blueprints TinkerPop Frames TinkerPop Gremlin TinkerPop Rexster | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | .Net Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | .Net C++ Java | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Cobol Java Objective-C Perl PHP Python Ruby Visual Basic | Clojure Java Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | using Google App Engine | no | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM) | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine | yes Live Events | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | horizontal partitioning by range, hash, list or composite | yes via pluggable storage backends | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication using Paxos | yes, with selectable consistency level | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes using Google Cloud Dataflow | no | no | no | yes via Faunus, a graph analytics engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent. | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths | no | yes | yes | yes Relationships in graph | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions | configurable | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes optionally | yes | yes | yes Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | no | no planned for next version | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM) | authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99) | User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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3rd parties | SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Google Cloud Datastore | Oracle Coherence | PostgreSQL | Tibero | Titan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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