DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. SpaceTime vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. SpaceTime vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#144	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#66	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

rdf4j.org

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Mireo

Initial release

2008

2010

2004

2020

2008

Current release

V12

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

RESTful HTTP API

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Python

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

Transact SQL

yes

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

yes, with always 3 replicas available

none

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021, Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor)

show all

Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud Stops Exit Fees
12 January 2024, Spiceworks News and Insights

BigID Data Intelligence Platform Now Available on Google Cloud Marketplace
6 November 2023, PR Newswire

Best cloud storage of 2024
29 April 2024, TechRadar

What is Google App Engine? | Definition from TechTarget
26 April 2024, TechTarget

Google says it'll stop charging fees to transfer data out of Google Cloud
11 January 2024, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

Microsoft unveils Copilot for Azure SQL Database
27 March 2024, InfoWorld

Why migrate Windows Server and SQL Server to Azure: ROI, innovation, and free offers
25 April 2024, Microsoft

Azure SQL Database takes Saturday off on US east coast following network power failure
18 September 2023, The Register

Power what’s next with limitless relational databases from Azure
15 November 2023, Microsoft

provided by Google News

GraphDB Goes Open Source
27 January 2020, iProgrammer

provided by Google News

Deploying Tarantool Cartridge applications with zero effort (Part 1)
16 December 2019, Хабр

VShard — horizontal scaling in Tarantool
7 March 2019, Хабр

Accelerating PHP connectors for Tarantool using Async, Swoole, and Parallel
18 December 2019, Хабр

provided by Google News

Share this page