DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OceanBase vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OceanBase vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQL

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Document store

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.66
Rank	#147	Overall
	#68	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

en.oceanbase.com

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

en.oceanbase.com/docs/oceanbase-database

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Google

Microsoft

OceanBase

previously Alibaba and Ant Group

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2008

2011

2014

2010

2013

Current release

1.23, February 2021

4.3.0, April 2024

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

Commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Ada

in MySQL-compatible model
C

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D

in MySQL-compatible model
Delphi

in MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel

in MySQL-compatible model
Erlang

in MySQL-compatible model
Haskell

in MySQL-compatible model
Java

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js)

in MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C

in MySQL-compatible model
OCaml

in MySQL-compatible model
Perl

in MySQL-compatible model
PHP

in MySQL-compatible model
Python

in MySQL-compatible model
Ruby

in MySQL-compatible model
Scheme

in MySQL-compatible model
Tcl

in MySQL-compatible model

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

JavaScript

PL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication using Paxos

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OceanBase Database is the world’s only native distributed database that has set new...
» more

Competitive advantages

High Availability : The five IDCs across three sites disaster recovery solution sets...
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Key customers

OceanBase Database has helped over 400 customers across industries upgrade their...
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Market metrics

TPC-C No.1 Performance , achieved a result of 707.35 million tpmC in the TPC-C benchmark...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Mulan PubL v2 license for open source community edition. Commercial license for enterprise...
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