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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.21
Rank#121  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#231  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverwww.postgresql.orgrdf4j.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTwww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGooglePerconaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release201520081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20042014
Current release8.0.36-28, 202416.2, February 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC and C++CJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtablePercona Server for MySQLPostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTrafodion
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