DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenTSDB vs. Redis vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenTSDB vs. Redis vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Scalable Time Series DBMS based on HBase

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	1.68
Rank	#146	Overall
	#12	Time Series DBMS

Score	157.80
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigtable

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

opentsdb.net

redis.com
redis.io

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

opentsdb.net/docs/build/html/index.html

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Google

Vesoft Inc.

currently maintained by Yahoo and other contributors

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2015

2019

2011

2009

2016

Current release

7.2.5, May 2024

8.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

LGPL

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Strong typed schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numeric data for metrics, strings for tags

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

with RediSearch module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

with RediSQL module

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP API
Telnet API

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

Triggers

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

based on HBase

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

through RedisGears

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

based on HBase

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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