DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LokiJS vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LokiJS vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Primary database model

Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.15
Rank	#95	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	0.07
Rank	#375	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	636.25
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Website

cloud.google.com/bigtable

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

opennms.github.io/newts

www.postgresql.org

pouchdb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

www.postgresql.org/docs

pouchdb.com/guides

Developer

Google

OpenNMS Group

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2015

2014

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2012

Current release

16.3, May 2024

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

JavaScript API

HTTP REST
Java API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

none

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

none

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-row operations

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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