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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. JanusGraph vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. JanusGraph vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.02
Rank#125  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablejanusgraph.orgwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperGoogleLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20152017200120161989
Current release0.6.3, February 202311.0, December 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL92yesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)ShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyesyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMicrosoft SQL Server
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