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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Well established RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score41.32
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#330  Overall
#45  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanawww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleActian CorporationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAPJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20151974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102019
Current release12.0, July 202416.4, August 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCCClojure
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, Rno
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslypartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableIngresPostgreSQLSAP HANAXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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