DBMS > dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. PostGIS vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. PostGIS vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	22.69
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

www.dbase.com

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.ontotext.com

postgis.net

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

postgis.net/documentation

help.sap.com/hana

Social network pages

Developer

Asthon Tate

Google

Ontotext

SAP

Initial release

1979

2015

2000

2005

2010

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

10.4, October 2023

3.4.2, February 2024

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

GPL v2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

hosted

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

APIs and other access methods

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

dBase proprietary IDE

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

user defined functions

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

Multi-source replication

yes

based on PostgreSQL

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

yes

based on PostgreSQL

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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News

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17 May 2024

Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model
8 May 2024

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2 May 2024

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26 April 2024

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19 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.