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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn analytical database for business intelligence with large customers in China.A widely adopted in-memory data gridDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#190  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Score6.87
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.gbase.cnhazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHazelcastMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release2013200820102016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022GBase 8a5.3.6, November 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesTransact SQL
Triggersnoyes infoEventsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoReplicated Mapyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGBaseHazelcastMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureToroDB
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