DBMS > GBase vs. GridDB vs. H2 vs. MariaDB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison GBase vs. GridDB vs. H2 vs. MariaDB vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big Data

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	2.09
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Website

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

docs.griddb.net

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Toshiba Corporation

Thomas Mueller

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2004

2013

2005

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2019

Current release

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

5.1, August 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

11.3.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also available

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

C, Java, Python

C++

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestamp

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

none

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Connector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containers

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at container level

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

GitHub trending repository
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.