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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.11
Rank#174  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.orgrdf4j.orgsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20042022
Current release6.2.28, November 202016.4, August 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++CJavaRust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
FoundationDBPostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSurrealDB
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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

Recent citations in the news

FoundationDB team’s new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Antithesis Launches Out Of Stealth To Revolutionize Software Reliability
13 February 2024, PR Newswire

Antithesis raises $47M to launch an automated testing platform for software
13 February 2024, TechCrunch

Apple Acquires FoundationDB
24 March 2015, blogs.wsj.com

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, The Register

provided by Google News

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12 September 2024, Phoronix

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20 August 2024, The Register

PostgreSQL databases under attack
21 August 2024, Help Net Security

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SurrealDB 2.0 Introduces Advanced Security and Data Management Features
17 September 2024, Datanami

SurrealDB is helping developers consolidate their databases
18 June 2024, TechCrunch

Multi-model database startup SurrealDB raises $20M and announces cloud beta access
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