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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Neo4j vs. ScyllaDB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Neo4j vs. ScyllaDB vs. SingleStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column storeMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.75
Rank#68  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbneo4j.comwww.scylladb.comwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbneo4j.com/­docsdocs.scylladb.comdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperFoundationDBNeo4j, Inc.ScyllaDBSingleStore Inc.
Initial release2013200720152013
Current release6.2.28, November 20205.19, April 2024ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 20248.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license availablecommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaSSingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaC++C++, Go
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infocluster global secondary indicesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes, Luayes
Triggersnoyes infovia event handlernono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j FabricShardingSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoin-memory tablesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users can be defined per objectFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBNeo4jScyllaDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more
F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
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