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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. TempoIQ vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. TempoIQ vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverneo4j.comtempoiq.com (offline)www.vertica.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverneo4j.com/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.TempoIQOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20131989200720122005
Current release6.2.28, November 2020SQL Server 2022, November 20225.20, May 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++C++Java, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache LuceneNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesnonoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handleryes infoRealtime Alertsyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)simple authentication-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft SQL ServerNeo4jTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more
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