DBMS > FoundationDB vs. MariaDB vs. OrigoDB vs. TDengine vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. MariaDB vs. OrigoDB vs. TDengine vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

Time Series DBMS and big data platform

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	93.21
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#53	Document stores
	#20	Object oriented DBMS

Score	2.60
Rank	#107	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

origodb.com

github.com/taosdata/TDengine
tdengine.com

trino.io

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

origodb.com/docs

docs.tdengine.com

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

FoundationDB

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Robert Friberg et al

TDEngine, previously Taos Data

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2009

under the name LiveDB

2019

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

11.3.2, February 2024

3.0, August 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

AGPL V3, also commercial editions available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

with proprietary extensions

Standard SQL with extensions for time-series applications

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Domain Events

yes, via alarm monitoring

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Sharding

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

yes

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

Write ahead log

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based authorization

yes

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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