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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Sequoiadb vs. TiDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Sequoiadb vs. TiDB vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.48
Rank#260  Overall
#41  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score3.11
Rank#99  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.sequoiadb.compingcap.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabledocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleSequoiadb Ltd.PingCAP, Inc.Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release20132011201320162017
Current release6.2.28, November 20201.23, February 20217.6.0, January 20242.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++C++C++Go, RustC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-freeyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like query languageyesyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsproprietary protocol using JSONGORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoJavaScriptnoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneSource-replica replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynonoyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoDocument is locked during a transactionACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnonosimple password-based access controlFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBLevelDBSequoiadbTiDBYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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FoundationDBLevelDBSequoiadbTiDBYugabyteDB
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