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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Postgres-XL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Postgres-XL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.postgres-xl.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperFoundationDBBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2013199920102014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1998
Current release6.2.28, November 2020V8.0, August 2021V1210 R1, October 201811 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and JavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyStandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsTransact SQLuser defined functionsPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioninghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FoundationDBKingbaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgres-XLTimesTen
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