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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.52
Rank#254  Overall
#39  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comwww.percona.com/­mongodb/­software/­percona-server-for-mongodbwww.postgresql.orgprometheus.io
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.percona.com/­percona-distribution-for-mongodbwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerPerconaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2013200520151989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2015
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20233.4.10-2.10, November 201716.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL Version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++CGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol using JSONADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaActionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infovia In-Memory Enginenono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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