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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMSA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasetrafodion.apache.orgwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.htmlwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerMicrosoftApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HPTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20132005201020141987
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 2023V122.3.0, February 2019Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++, JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.NetC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLJava Stored Proceduresyes
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, via HBaseSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBaseno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FoundationDBH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTrafodionTransbase
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