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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrigoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA fully ACID in-memory object graph database
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseorigodb.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlorigodb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFoundationDBOntotextMicrosoftMicrosoftRobert Friberg et al
Initial release20132000201420102009 infounder the name LiveDB
Current release6.2.28, November 202010.4, October 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C#
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyes infoJSON typesyesUser defined using .NET types and collections
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infocan be achieved using .NET
Secondary indexesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlystored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlywell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJavaScriptTransact SQLyes
TriggersnonoJavaScriptyesyes infoDomain Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronized
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoConstraint checkingnoyesdepending on model
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead log
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based authorization
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOrigoDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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