DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Geode vs. Kinetica vs. MarkLogic vs. PostgreSQL
System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Geode vs. Kinetica vs. MarkLogic vs. PostgreSQL
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| Name | FoundationDB Xexclude from comparison | Geode Xexclude from comparison | Kinetica Xexclude from comparison | MarkLogic Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers. | Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes | Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs | Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store supported via specific layer Key-value store Relational DBMS supported via specific SQL-layer | Key-value store | Relational DBMS | Document store Native XML DBMS RDF store as of version 7Search engine | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | github.com/apple/foundationdb | geode.apache.org | www.kinetica.com | www.marklogic.com | www.postgresql.org | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | apple.github.io/foundationdb | geode.apache.org/docs | docs.kinetica.com | docs.marklogic.com | www.postgresql.org/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | FoundationDB | Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire. | Kinetica | MarkLogic Corp. | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2013 | 2002 | 2012 | 2001 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 6.2.28, November 2020 | 1.1, February 2017 | 7.1, August 2021 | 11.0, December 2022 | 16.2, February 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire | commercial | commercial restricted free version is available | Open Source BSD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C++ | Java | C, C++ | C++ | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | All OS with a Java VM the JDK (8 or later) is also required | Linux | Linux OS X Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free some layers support schemas | schema-free | yes | schema-free Schema can be enforced | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | no some layers support typing | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | supported in specific SQL layer only | SQL-like query language (OQL) | SQL-like DML and DDL statements | yes SQL92 | yes standard with numerous extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | Java Client API Memcached protocol RESTful HTTP API | JDBC ODBC RESTful HTTP API | Java API Node.js Client API ODBC proprietary Optic API Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9RESTful HTTP API SPARQL WebDAV XDBC XQuery XSLT | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net C C++ Go Java JavaScript Node.jsPHP Python Ruby Swift | .Net All JVM based languages C++ Groovy Java Scala | C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | C C# C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | in SQL-layer only | user defined functions | user defined functions | yes via XQuery or JavaScript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes Cache Event Listeners | yes triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Sharding | Sharding | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | Multi-source replication | Source-replica replication | yes | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | yes via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Linearizable consistency | Eventual Consistency | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | in SQL-layer only | no | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | yes, on a single node | no | ACID can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes GPU vRAM or System RAM | yes, with Range Indexes | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | no | Access rights per client and object definable | Access rights for users and roles on table level | Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FoundationDB | Geode | Kinetica | MarkLogic | PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor FoundationDB team's new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing Antithesis Launches Out Of Stealth To Revolutionize Software Reliability Antithesis raises $47M to launch an automated testing platform for software Deno adds scaleable messaging with new Queues feature, sparks debate about proprietary services • DEVCLASS FoundationDB, a very interesting NoSQL database owned by Apple, is now an open-source project provided by Google News This is how much one of the most expensive gems costs at the Tucson gem show Reactive Event Processing with Apache Geode Apache Geode Spawns 'All Sorts of In-Memory Things' 1. Introduction to Pivotal GemFire In-Memory Data Grid and Apache Geode - Scaling Data Services with Pivotal ... Where Does Apache Geode Fit in CQRS Architectures? provided by Google News Kinetica Elevates RAG with Fast Access to Real-Time Data Kinetica ramps up RAG for generative AI, empowering enterprises with real-time operational data Kinetica Launches Generative AI Solution for Real-Time Inferencing Powered by NVIDIA AI Enterprise Kinetica Delivers Real-Time Vector Similarity Search Transforming spatiotemporal data analysis with GPUs and generative AI provided by Google News Database Platform to Simplify Complex Data | Progress Marklogic ABN AMRO Moves Progress-Powered Credit Store App to Azure Cloud; Achieves 40% Faster Data Processing, Lower ... Seven Quick Steps to Setting Up MarkLogic Server in Kubernetes Progress's $355m move for MarkLogic sets the tone for 2023 Progress to acquire PE-backed data platform MarkLogic for $355m provided by Google News Handle tables without primary keys while creating Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL zero-ETL integrations with Amazon ... pgEdge Distributed PostgreSQL Introduces Automatic DDL Replication and Snowflake Sequences for Postgres Breaking Boundaries: PostgreSQL 16 is now available on IBM Cloud Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need Oracle Introduces PostgreSQL Running Native on OCI provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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