DBMS > Firebird vs. GreptimeDB vs. Oracle vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. GreptimeDB vs. Oracle vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

Widely used RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	20.82
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	0.06
Rank	#352	Overall
	#33	Time Series DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

www.firebirdsql.org

greptime.com

www.oracle.com/database

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

docs.greptime.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Firebird Foundation

Greptime Inc.

Oracle

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2022

1980

2014

Current release

5.0.0, January 2024

23c, September 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Rust

C and C++

Scala

Server operating systems

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PSQL

Python

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

Simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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