DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Document store

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	42.91
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.graphengine.io

www.h2database.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Microsoft

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2010

2005

1989

2006

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

9.6.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

.NET and C

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

.NET

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java plugins

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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