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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. SiteWhere

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. SiteWhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSiteWhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.M2M integration platform for persisting/querying time series data
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRDF storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.06
Rank#356  Overall
#35  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseneo4j.comrdf4j.orggithub.com/­sitewhere/­sitewhere
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlneo4j.com/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationsitewhere1.sitewhere.io/­index.html
DeveloperElasticMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SiteWhere
Initial release20102010200720042010
Current release8.6, January 2023V125.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoCommon Public Attribution License Version 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, ScalaJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF Schemaspredefined scheme
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesnonono
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
HTTP REST
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noUsers with fine-grained authorization concept
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4jRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSiteWhere
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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