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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. ScyllaDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. ScyllaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRDF storeWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score4.15
Rank#69  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
rdf4j.orgwww.scylladb.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.nebula-graph.iordf4j.org/­documentationdocs.scylladb.com
DeveloperElasticMicrosoftVesoft Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.ScyllaDB
Initial release20102010201920042015
Current release8.6, January 2023V12ScyllaDB Open Source 6.0.2, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS
Implementation languageJavaC++C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesStrong typed schemayes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes infocluster global secondary indices
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLuser defined functionsyesyes, Lua
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnoneselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possible
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyes infoin-memory tables
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users can be defined per object
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameScyllaDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

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More resources
ElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameScyllaDB
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