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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score0.50
Rank#250  Overall
#39  Document stores
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.percona.com/­mongodb/­software/­percona-server-for-mongodbrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.percona.com/­percona-distribution-for-mongodbrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperElasticMicrosoftVesoft Inc.PerconaSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20102010201920152004
Current release8.6, January 2023V123.4.10-2.10, November 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL Version 2Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesStrong typed schemaschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query languagenono
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
proprietary protocol using JSONJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLuser defined functionsJavaScriptyes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyes infovia In-Memory Engine
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and rolesno
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphPercona Server for MongoDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
ElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphPercona Server for MongoDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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