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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDBA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelSearch engineKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score19.42
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#211  Overall
#35  Document stores
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.memcached.orgwww.postgresql.orgrockset.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.rockset.comsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperElasticDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocksetSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release201020031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20192022
Current release8.6, January 20231.6.25, March 202416.3, May 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCCC++Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesdynamic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoingestion from XML files supported
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsRead-only SQL queries, including JOINsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP RESTGraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashAutomatic sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallitySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset consoleyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
ElasticsearchMemcachedPostgreSQLRocksetSurrealDB
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