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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelSearch engineKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score19.42
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperElasticDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20102003201620171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.6, January 20231.6.25, March 202416.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQLnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesUsing Apache Luceneyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ElasticsearchMemcachedMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDbPostgreSQL
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