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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.In-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score19.42
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comwww.memcached.orgwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperElasticThomas MuellerDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2010200520031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 20231.6.25, March 202416.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaCCClojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallitySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesnoyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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ElasticsearchH2MemcachedPostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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