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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperElasticThomas MuellerCodenotaryMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release20102005202020101984
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 20231.2.3, April 2022V127.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like syntaxyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoTransact SQL
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ElasticsearchH2ImmudbMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Rdb
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